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A1 particle 9 دقیقه مطالعه

permisi

مثال‌ها permisi در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح permisi in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'permisi' is one of the first words you should learn. It is a 'magic word' that helps you navigate basic social interactions in Indonesia. Think of it as your primary tool for being polite. You use it when you want to ask a question to a stranger, like 'Permisi, di mana toilet?' (Excuse me, where is the toilet?). You also use it when you are walking through a crowded area. It is a simple, standalone word that requires no complex grammar. Even if you don't know any other words, saying 'permisi' with a smile will make people much more willing to help you. At this stage, just focus on the 'attention-grabbing' and 'moving-through-crowds' functions. It is always better to say it than to stay silent and push through. Remember to pronounce it clearly: per-mi-si.
At the A2 level, you start to use 'permisi' in more complete sentences and understand its social context better. You should begin pairing 'permisi' with titles like Pak, Bu, Mas, or Mbak to show more respect. For example, 'Permisi Pak, boleh saya tanya?' (Excuse me Sir, may I ask?). You also learn to use it when leaving a group, often adding 'dulu' (first/for now) to say 'Permisi dulu ya' (I'm excusing myself now). At this level, you should also be careful not to use 'permisi' when you should use 'maaf' (sorry). You are moving from just knowing the word to knowing the *etiquette* of the word. You might also start noticing the shortened version 'misi' used in informal settings like markets, but you should still practice the full version to ensure you are being polite enough.
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At the B1 level, you can use 'permisi' fluently in various daily scenarios, including more nuanced social situations. You understand that 'permisi' is a proactive word used *before* an action. You might start using it in combination with other polite phrases like 'numpang lewat' (excuse me, let me pass) or 'numpang tanya' (excuse me, let me ask a question). You are also aware of the physical gestures that often accompany the word, such as a slight bow or lowering the hand when walking past elders. In a workplace or classroom setting, you use 'permisi' to interrupt a discussion politely. You are also beginning to recognize regional alternatives like 'punten' (Sundanese) or 'nuwun sewu' (Javanese), even if you don't use them yourself yet. Your use of 'permisi' now reflects a deeper understanding of Indonesian social harmony.
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At the B2 level, your use of 'permisi' and its alternatives is sophisticated. You can distinguish between the casual 'permisi' and the more formal 'mohon izin' or 'mohon permisi' used in professional or official contexts. You use 'permisi' effectively in business meetings to transition between topics or to excuse yourself for a phone call without breaking the flow of the conversation. You are also capable of explaining the cultural significance of the word to others, noting how it relates to the Indonesian concept of 'unggah-ungguh' (social etiquette). You notice the subtle differences in tone and speed with which the word is said—a quick 'misi-misi' in a crowd versus a drawn-out, respectful 'permiiisiii' when entering someone's home. Your language reflects the cultural value of not being 'sombong' (arrogant).
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At the C1 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'permisi' and its place in the Indonesian psyche. You use it instinctively as a social lubricant in complex interpersonal dynamics. You can navigate high-level formal environments where 'mohon izin' is required, and you can switch seamlessly to 'permisi' or even 'misi' in informal urban settings. You understand the historical context of the word as a Dutch loanword and how it has been 'Indonesianized' over the centuries. You are also aware of how 'permisi' is used in literature and media to establish character traits—for example, a character who *doesn't* say 'permisi' is immediately coded as rude or villainous. You can use the word with perfect timing and the appropriate physical body language, reflecting a complete integration into Indonesian social norms.
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At the C2 level, 'permisi' is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a part of your cultural identity in the Indonesian language. You understand the philosophical underpinnings of why 'permisi' is so important: the preservation of 'rukun' (harmony) and the avoidance of 'malu' (shame/embarrassment) for both parties. You can use the word ironically, humorously, or with extreme deference as the situation requires. You are fully conversant in regional variations and can use 'punten' or 'nuwun sewu' with the correct local intonation. You might even use 'permisi' in creative writing or formal oratory to evoke specific emotional responses or to demonstrate a deep respect for the audience. Your mastery of the word is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker who is well-versed in the country's diverse cultural etiquettes.
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مثال‌ها

permisi در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Permisi is the essential Indonesian word for 'Excuse me,' used to show respect and politeness in daily social interactions and shared spaces.
  • It is primarily used *before* an action, such as entering a house, interrupting a conversation, or passing through a crowded area like a market.
  • Derived from Dutch, it is a key marker of 'sopan santun' (etiquette) and is often paired with titles like Pak or Bu.
  • Crucially, it is different from 'maaf' (sorry); permisi asks for permission, while maaf asks for forgiveness after a mistake or accident.

The word permisi is one of the most essential pillars of Indonesian social etiquette. At its core, it functions as a polite particle used to seek permission, gain attention, or acknowledge one's presence when entering or passing through a space. In the Indonesian cultural context, where sopan santun (etiquette and manners) is paramount, failing to use permisi can be seen as a sign of arrogance or poor upbringing. It is the linguistic equivalent of a gentle knock on a door or a respectful nod before speaking.

Social Function
Permisi acts as a social lubricant. It signals to others that you are aware of their space and that you are requesting a brief moment of their time or a path through their physical environment. It is used equally in formal and informal settings, though the tone of voice may vary.
Cultural Weight
In Indonesia, the concept of 'space' is often shared. Whether you are walking past someone sitting on a porch or entering a small shop, saying permisi acknowledges the other person's existence and dignity. It transforms a potentially intrusive movement into a respectful interaction.

Permisi, apakah kursi ini kosong?

Translation: Excuse me, is this seat empty?

While many English speakers might translate permisi simply as 'excuse me,' its application is broader. It is used when you are about to interrupt someone, when you are physically moving past someone in a narrow aisle, or even when you are leaving a gathering early. It is a proactive word; you say it before you do the action that might otherwise be seen as intrusive.

Permisi Pak, saya mau lewat sebentar.

Translation: Excuse me Sir, I want to pass through for a moment.
Linguistic Origin
The word is a loanword from the Dutch 'permissie', meaning permission. Over centuries, Indonesians adapted it into a daily particle that serves as the gold standard for polite entry into any social or physical space.

In modern urban slang, you might hear it shortened to 'misi' or 'mis', but as a learner, using the full 'permisi' will always earn you more respect. It is a word that opens doors, both literally and figuratively. If you are lost and need to ask for directions, starting with 'Permisi' ensures the person you approach feels respected rather than accosted. In a crowded market, a repeated 'permisi, permisi' is the polite way to navigate through the throng without causing offense.

Permisi, boleh saya tanya jalan ke stasiun?

Translation: Excuse me, may I ask the way to the station?

Using permisi correctly involves understanding its position in a sentence and the social hierarchy of the people involved. Usually, permisi is placed at the very beginning of a sentence or used as a standalone exclamation. It sets the tone for the entire interaction. Below are the primary ways to integrate this word into your daily Indonesian vocabulary.

1. As an Attention Grabber
When you need to talk to someone who is busy or not looking at you, use permisi followed by a title like Pak, Bu, or Kak. This is much more polite than 'Hey' or just starting to speak.

Permisi Bu, apakah toko ini sudah buka?

Translation: Excuse me Ma'am, is this shop open yet?
2. For Physical Passage
When walking through a crowd or trying to get off a crowded bus (angkot), you can simply say permisi repeatedly. It functions as a polite 'coming through'.

Permisi, saya mau turun di depan.

Translation: Excuse me, I want to get off up ahead.
3. When Leaving a Conversation
If you need to excuse yourself from a group or a meeting, permisi is the standard way to do so. Often, it is paired with 'dulu' (first/for now).

Maaf semuanya, saya permisi dulu ya.

Translation: Sorry everyone, I'll excuse myself now.

It is important to note that permisi is rarely used for apologies. If you step on someone's foot, you should use maaf (sorry). Permisi is for before the action; maaf is for after an error. Mixing these up is a common learner mistake. Think of permisi as 'requesting permission' and maaf as 'requesting forgiveness'.

Permisi, bolehkah saya meminjam pena Anda?

Translation: Excuse me, may I borrow your pen?

In a formal email or letter, you might see mohon izin or mohon permisi, which is an even more elevated way to ask for permission. However, for 99% of spoken interactions, the simple permisi is perfect. It works in the office, in the classroom, and on the street. It is the most versatile 'politeness marker' in the Indonesian language.

To truly master permisi, you need to recognize the specific environments where it is most commonly uttered. Because Indonesian culture is highly social and community-oriented, you will hear this word dozens of times a day in any Indonesian city or village.

The Traditional Market (Pasar)
In the narrow, crowded aisles of a pasar tradisional, people are constantly moving with heavy bags or carts. You will hear a rhythmic 'misi, misi, misi' as people navigate the crowd. It’s a signal for others to make a little room.

'Misi, permisi, barang mau lewat!'

Translation: Excuse me, excuse me, goods coming through!
Entering a Home
When visiting an Indonesian friend, you don't just walk in or even just knock. You usually call out 'Permisi!' or 'Assalamualaikum!' from the gate or the doorway. It is the verbal equivalent of ringing a doorbell.

'Permisi! Ada orang di rumah?'

Translation: Excuse me! Is anyone home?

In the workplace, permisi is used when entering a superior's office or when you need to interrupt a colleague's deep work. It shows that you value their time and concentration. Even in modern coworking spaces in Jakarta or Bali, this traditional etiquette remains strong.

You will also hear it in public transport. When a passenger wants to get off a bus or a train, they will say permisi to the people blocking the door. In response, others will usually shift slightly and often reply with a polite 'mangga' (in Sundanese areas) or 'silakan' (in Indonesian), meaning 'go ahead'. This exchange is a fundamental part of the daily social contract in Indonesia. It emphasizes harmony and mutual respect in shared spaces.

Permisi Kak, boleh saya duduk di sini?

Translation: Excuse me, may I sit here?

Finally, in service industries—hotels, restaurants, and banks—staff will use permisi before they place a plate on your table, take your passport, or perform any action that involves your personal space. It is a sign of professional courtesy and high-quality service.

While permisi seems straightforward, English speakers often fall into several traps due to the differences between 'Excuse me' and 'Permisi'. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and avoid awkward social situations.

1. Using 'Permisi' for Apologies
This is the most frequent error. In English, we say 'Excuse me' if we sneeze or accidentally bump into someone. In Indonesian, you must use maaf (sorry). If you say permisi after bumping into someone, it sounds like you are asking for permission to bump into them again! Remember: Permisi is for 'before', Maaf is for 'after'.

Incorrect: [Sneezes] Permisi!

Correct: [Sneezes] Maaf!

2. Forgetting the Title
Saying permisi alone to an older person or someone in authority can sometimes feel a bit abrupt. It is much better to add a title like Pak (Sir), Bu (Madam), or Mas/Mbak (Brother/Sister). Just 'Permisi!' to a teacher or boss is slightly too informal.
3. Over-shortening to 'Misi' in Formal Situations
While 'misi' is common in the market or among friends, using it in a job interview or with your father-in-law is considered lazy and disrespectful. Always stick to the full three syllables—per-mi-si—when you want to show respect.

Permisi Bapak, boleh saya masuk?

Correct formal usage: Excuse me Sir, may I come in?

Another mistake is using permisi when you didn't hear what someone said. In English, we say 'Excuse me?' or 'Pardon?'. In Indonesian, you should say 'Apa?' (informal) or 'Maaf, bisa diulang?' (polite/formal). Using permisi in this context will confuse the listener as they will think you are trying to leave or pass by them.

While permisi is the most common way to say 'excuse me', there are several alternatives depending on the context and the level of politeness you want to achieve. Understanding these will make your Indonesian sound much more sophisticated.

Permisi vs. Maaf
As discussed, permisi is for seeking permission or attention. Maaf is for apologizing. However, maaf can also be used as a very polite attention-grabber, similar to 'I'm sorry to bother you, but...'.
Permisi vs. Numpang
Numpang literally means 'to hitch a ride' or 'to join in'. It is often used with a verb to create a very humble version of permisi. For example, numpang lewat (excuse me, let me pass) or numpang tanya (excuse me, I have a question).

Maaf Pak, numpang tanya, di mana toiletnya?

Translation: Sorry Sir, excuse me (hitching a question), where is the toilet?

In very formal or religious contexts, you might hear 'Mohon izin'. This is common in the military, government offices, or during formal speeches. It translates more closely to 'I request your permission'. It is much heavier than permisi and should be reserved for those specific formal occasions.

Punten, Teh, boleh pinjam payungnya?

Sundanese variation: Excuse me Sister, may I borrow the umbrella?

Lastly, for very informal situations with close friends, you might just say 'Sori' (from English 'Sorry'). While common among youth in Jakarta, it lacks the cultural depth and respect of permisi. If you are unsure, always default to permisi. It is never wrong to be too polite in Indonesia.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

Permisi, di mana toilet?

Excuse me, where is the toilet?

Simple attention-grabber at the start of a question.

2

Permisi, saya mau lewat.

Excuse me, I want to pass through.

Used to request physical passage.

3

Permisi Pak, selamat pagi.

Excuse me Sir, good morning.

Combining permisi with a title and a greeting.

4

Permisi, boleh saya duduk?

Excuse me, may I sit?

Asking for permission for a simple action.

5

Permisi, ini apa?

Excuse me, what is this?

Used to ask about an object politely.

6

Permisi, permisi!

Excuse me, excuse me!

Repeated for emphasis when moving through a crowd.

7

Permisi, mau tanya.

Excuse me, I want to ask.

Standard way to start any inquiry.

8

Permisi, saya duluan ya.

Excuse me, I'm going first okay.

A polite way to announce you are leaving.

1

Permisi Bu, apakah ini kantor pos?

Excuse me Ma'am, is this the post office?

Using 'Bu' to show respect to an adult female.

2

Permisi Mas, boleh pinjam pulpen?

Excuse me Brother, may I borrow a pen?

Using 'Mas' for a younger or peer male.

3

Maaf, saya permisi ke belakang sebentar.

Sorry, I'll excuse myself to the back (restroom) for a moment.

'Ke belakang' is a polite euphemism for going to the bathroom.

4

Permisi, apakah meja ini sudah dipesan?

Excuse me, has this table been reserved?

Formal inquiry in a service setting.

5

Permisi Mbak, harga mangga ini berapa?

Excuse me Sister, how much is the price of these mangoes?

Using 'Mbak' for a younger or peer female.

6

Permisi, saya mau numpang tanya jalan.

Excuse me, I want to 'hitch' a question about the road.

Using 'numpang' to increase politeness.

7

Permisi, apakah Bapak ada di dalam?

Excuse me, is the Boss/Sir inside?

Using 'Bapak' as a pronoun for 'he/him' to show respect.

8

Permisi, bolehkah saya masuk sekarang?

Excuse me, may I enter now?

Using the '-kah' suffix for a more formal question.

1

Permisi, saya tidak bermaksud mengganggu diskusi Anda.

Excuse me, I don't mean to interrupt your discussion.

Complex sentence structure for polite interruption.

2

Permisi Pak, saya ingin minta tanda tangan di formulir ini.

Excuse me Sir, I would like to ask for a signature on this form.

Using 'ingin' for a polite request.

3

Sebelum saya mulai, permisi saya ingin memperkenalkan diri.

Before I begin, excuse me, I would like to introduce myself.

Used as a formal transition in a speech.

4

Permisi, apakah Anda keberatan jika saya membuka jendela?

Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?

Using 'apakah Anda keberatan' for a polite conditional request.

5

Permisi, saya mau numpang lewat sebentar ya, maaf merepotkan.

Excuse me, I want to pass through for a moment, sorry to bother you.

Combining permisi, numpang, and an apology for the hassle.

6

Permisi Bu, bolehkah saya meminjam kamus ini sampai besok?

Excuse me Ma'am, may I borrow this dictionary until tomorrow?

Asking for permission for a multi-day action.

7

Permisi, saya harus segera pergi karena ada janji lain.

Excuse me, I must go immediately because I have another appointment.

Explaining the reason for excusing oneself.

8

Permisi, apakah ada yang melihat kunci saya di sini?

Excuse me, did anyone see my keys here?

Using permisi to address a group of people.

1

Mohon permisi Bapak dan Ibu sekalian, acara akan segera kita mulai.

Excuse me (formal) Ladies and Gentlemen, we will begin the event shortly.

Using 'Mohon permisi' and 'Bapak dan Ibu sekalian' for high formality.

2

Permisi, jika saya boleh menambahkan pendapat saya mengenai proyek ini.

Excuse me, if I may add my opinion regarding this project.

Using 'jika saya boleh' to introduce a contribution to a discussion.

3

Saya mohon izin permisi sebentar untuk mengangkat telepon penting.

I request permission to excuse myself for a moment to take an important call.

Highly formal way to excuse oneself for a specific task.

4

Permisi, apakah kiranya saya diperbolehkan melihat dokumen tersebut?

Excuse me, would it be possible for me to be allowed to see that document?

Using 'kiranya' and passive 'diperbolehkan' for extreme politeness.

5

Dengan segala hormat, permisi saya ingin mengoreksi data yang tadi disampaikan.

With all due respect, excuse me, I would like to correct the data that was just presented.

Combining 'dengan segala hormat' with permisi for a polite correction.

6

Permisi, saya rasa ada kesalahpahaman mengenai jadwal keberangkatan kita.

Excuse me, I think there is a misunderstanding regarding our departure schedule.

Using permisi to introduce a potentially sensitive topic (a mistake).

7

Mohon maaf, permisi, apakah Bapak berkenan untuk diwawancarai sejenak?

Deepest apologies, excuse me, would you be willing to be interviewed for a moment?

Using 'berkenan' (formal 'willing') in a request.

8

Permisi, saya hanya ingin memastikan bahwa semua pintu sudah terkunci.

Excuse me, I just want to ensure that all doors are already locked.

Using permisi to explain one's actions to others present.

1

Izinkan saya mohon permisi dari hadapan Anda semua karena kondisi kesehatan yang kurang baik.

Allow me to request permission to excuse myself from your presence due to poor health.

Highly sophisticated, formal way of leaving due to health.

2

Permisi, tanpa mengurangi rasa hormat, saya memiliki pandangan yang berbeda dalam hal ini.

Excuse me, without diminishing respect, I have a different view on this matter.

Using 'tanpa mengurangi rasa hormat' as a classic formal buffer.

3

Permisi, apakah sekiranya Bapak memiliki waktu luang untuk mendiskusikan proposal ini lebih lanjut?

Excuse me, would you perhaps have free time to discuss this proposal further?

Using 'sekiranya' to sound very deferential.

4

Mohon izin permisi, saya perlu berkoordinasi dengan tim pusat mengenai kendala teknis ini.

Requesting permission to excuse myself, I need to coordinate with the central team regarding this technical constraint.

Professional register combining permission and technical jargon.

5

Permisi, saya ingin mengonfirmasi apakah protokol yang kita gunakan sudah sesuai dengan standar terbaru.

Excuse me, I want to confirm whether the protocol we are using is in accordance with the latest standards.

Using permisi to initiate a high-level professional verification.

6

Sekali lagi permisi, saya hanya ingin mengingatkan bahwa batas waktu pengumpulan tugas adalah sore ini.

Once again excuse me, I just want to remind you that the deadline for assignment submission is this afternoon.

Using 'sekali lagi' to reinforce a previous interruption politely.

7

Permisi, apakah ada prosedur khusus yang harus saya ikuti untuk mendapatkan akses ke arsip nasional?

Excuse me, are there specific procedures I must follow to gain access to the national archives?

Formal inquiry about institutional procedures.

8

Mohon permisi, saya akan meninggalkan ruangan ini sebentar untuk mengambil materi presentasi.

Requesting permission, I will leave this room for a moment to retrieve presentation materials.

Formal announcement of a temporary absence.

1

Permisi, dalam khazanah budaya kita, tindakan tersebut mungkin perlu ditinjau kembali dari perspektif etika.

Excuse me, within our cultural wealth, that action might need to be reviewed from an ethical perspective.

Using permisi to introduce a deep philosophical or cultural critique.

2

Mohon izin permisi, saya merasa perlu untuk menggarisbawahi urgensi dari restrukturisasi organisasi ini.

Requesting permission, I feel it necessary to underline the urgency of this organizational restructuring.

Using permisi to emphasize a critical point in a high-stakes meeting.

3

Permisi, apakah ekspektasi yang kita bangun selama ini sudah selaras dengan realitas di lapangan?

Excuse me, are the expectations we have built so far aligned with the reality on the ground?

Using permisi to challenge established assumptions politely.

4

Dengan segala kerendahan hati, mohon permisi saya ingin menyampaikan aspirasi dari rekan-rekan sekalian.

With all humility, requesting permission, I would like to convey the aspirations of my colleagues.

Combining 'kerendahan hati' with permisi for a humble but firm representation.

5

Permisi, kiranya perlu kita renungkan apakah kebijakan ini akan memberikan dampak jangka panjang bagi masyarakat.

Excuse me, perhaps we need to reflect on whether this policy will have long-term impacts on society.

Using 'kiranya perlu kita renungkan' for a deep, reflective interruption.

6

Mohon izin permisi Bapak Ketua, saya ingin mengajukan interupsi terkait poin ketiga dalam agenda rapat.

Requesting permission Mr. Chairman, I would like to propose an interruption regarding the third point in the meeting agenda.

Formal parliamentary language using permisi and interupsi.

7

Permisi, tanpa bermaksud menggurui, saya rasa ada pendekatan lain yang lebih efektif untuk masalah ini.

Excuse me, without intending to lecture, I think there is another approach that is more effective for this problem.

Using 'tanpa bermaksud menggurui' to soften a correction or suggestion.

8

Mohon permisi, izinkan saya menutup sesi ini dengan sebuah pantun sebagai bentuk apresiasi saya.

Requesting permission, allow me to close this session with a 'pantun' (traditional poem) as a form of my appreciation.

Using permisi as a transition to a traditional cultural performance.

مترادف‌ها

Punten Nuwun sewu Maaf Mohon izin Amit Misi Numpang Tabik

متضادها

Kurang ajar Sombong Lancang Cuek

ترکیب‌های رایج

Permisi dulu
Mohon permisi
Permisi Pak
Permisi Bu
Permisi sebentar
Permisi mau tanya
Permisi mau lewat
Permisi numpang
Permisi Kak
Misi-misi

عبارات رایج

Permisi, boleh tanya?

— A standard, polite way to start any question with a stranger.

Permisi, boleh tanya di mana halte bus terdekat?

Permisi, saya lewat ya.
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